Can you use upholstery fabric for clothes?
You generally cannot use upholstery fabric for everyday clothing because it’s too heavy, stiff, and lacks breathability. However, it can work for structured garments, costumes, or accessories where these properties are desired or can be mitigated.
Using upholstery fabric for clothing is possible, but it comes with significant drawbacks. Upholstery textiles are designed for durability and wear on furniture, not for the comfort and drape needed in apparel. Their primary characteristics – weight, stiffness, and often a lack of breathability – make them unsuitable for most clothing items like shirts, dresses, or trousers.
The weight of upholstery fabric can range from 6 to 20 ounces per square yard (oz/sq yd), sometimes even more. Compare this to typical apparel fabrics, which are usually under 6 oz/sq yd. This substantial difference means garments made from upholstery fabric will feel heavy, bulky, and restrictive. Imagine wearing a jacket made from thick brocade or a dress from heavy-duty canvas; it would be unwieldy and uncomfortable for regular wear.
Breathability is another major concern. Upholstery fabrics are often treated for stain resistance and durability, which can further reduce airflow. This can lead to overheating and discomfort, especially in warmer climates or during physical activity. Natural fibers like cotton or linen used in upholstery might be somewhat breathable, but their weave is typically much tighter and heavier than that used for clothing.
When upholstery fabric might work for clothing
Despite the challenges, there are specific scenarios where upholstery fabric can be a viable, even stylish, choice for apparel.
Structured Garments: For items that require a rigid shape or structure, upholstery fabric can be ideal. Think of historical costumes, structured corsetry, or avant-garde fashion pieces. Fabrics like brocade, damask, or heavy leather can provide the necessary stiffness and form. For example, a Victorian-era inspired bodice or a theatrical cape might benefit from the inherent body of an upholstery textile.
Costumes and Cosplay: The unique textures and patterns found in upholstery fabrics can be perfect for creating detailed and visually striking costumes. Whether it’s a fantasy character, a historical figure, or a superhero, these fabrics can add an authentic and impressive touch that lighter apparel fabrics cannot replicate.
Accessories: Smaller items like bags, pouches, or even sturdy hats can be successfully made from upholstery fabric. Here, the durability and structure are often assets rather than drawbacks. A tote bag made from a tough chenille or a structured clutch from a textured tweed can be both functional and fashionable.
Winter Wear (with caveats): In extremely cold climates, a very heavy and dense upholstery fabric, perhaps a thick wool or a heavily coated canvas, could theoretically be used for outer layers like a heavy coat or a specific type of workwear. However, you would need to ensure adequate lining and consider the fabric’s flexibility and weight distribution.
What to consider when using upholstery fabric for clothes
If you decide to proceed with using upholstery fabric for a clothing project, careful consideration of several factors is crucial for a wearable and successful outcome.
Weight and Drape: Assess how the fabric will hang. If it’s too stiff, it won’t move with the body, leading to an awkward silhouette and restricted movement. Look for upholstery fabrics that have a bit more give or choose projects where stiffness is a desired feature.
Breathability: If the fabric is not breathable, you’ll need to compensate by using a lining made from a comfortable, breathable material like cotton, linen, or rayon. This is essential for comfort, especially if the garment will be worn for extended periods or in warmer conditions.
Fiber Content: Natural fibers like cotton, linen, wool, and silk (though silk upholstery is rare and expensive) will generally be more comfortable against the skin than synthetics like polyester, acrylic, or vinyl, even in upholstery weights. However, even natural fibers in upholstery weaves can be stiff.
Durability and Wearability: While upholstery fabric is durable, consider how it will interact with the body. Rough textures can be abrasive over time. Seams and stress points need to be reinforced more than with standard apparel fabrics.
Care and Maintenance: Upholstery fabrics can be challenging to wash. Many require dry cleaning or spot cleaning. Check the fabric’s care label carefully. Garments made from these materials will likely need more specialized care than typical clothing.
Project Scale: Start small. Consider making an accessory or a single garment element before committing to a full outfit. This allows you to get a feel for the fabric’s properties without a significant investment of time and resources.
Best alternatives to upholstery fabric for clothing
If you love the look or feel of certain upholstery fabrics but need something more suitable for apparel, consider these alternatives:
Heavyweight Cotton Canvas or Duck Cloth: These offer durability and structure similar to some upholstery fabrics but are typically designed for apparel or utility wear. They are breathable and can be softened with washing.
Denim: A classic choice for durable garments, denim comes in various weights and can offer a sturdy feel without the stiffness of upholstery textiles.
Corduroy: Available in different wale sizes (the number of ribs per inch), corduroy can provide texture and warmth, mimicking the richness of some brocades or velvets, while still being wearable.
Wool Blends: Many wool blends are specifically made for suiting, outerwear, and skirts. They offer warmth and a good drape that upholstery wools often lack.
Faux Leather or Suede: These can provide a similar aesthetic to leather upholstery but are often lighter and more flexible, making them suitable for skirts, jackets, and pants.
Specialty Apparel Fabrics: Look for fabrics marketed as ‘couture,’ ‘structured,’ or ‘statement’ apparel fabrics. These are often designed to have more body and visual interest than basic cottons but are still engineered for wearability.
Upholstery Fabric Suitability for Clothing
| Clothing Item | Works Best When | Deciding Factor |
|---|---|---|
| Structured Jackets/Vests | Yes | Fabric provides desired stiffness and form. |
| Flowy Dresses/Skirts | No | Fabric is too stiff and heavy; lacks drape. |
| T-shirts/Blouses | No | Fabric is too heavy, stiff, and likely not breathable. |
| Costumes/Theatrical Wear | Yes | Durability, unique textures, and stiffness are advantageous. |
| Bags/Accessories | Yes | High durability and structure are beneficial. |
| Everyday Trousers | No | Likely too stiff and restrictive for comfortable movement. |
FAQ
Will upholstery fabric be comfortable to wear all day?
Generally, no. Upholstery fabric is typically too heavy, stiff, and lacks breathability for comfortable all-day wear. It can feel restrictive and lead to overheating. Exceptions might be very specific, loosely woven natural fiber upholstery or garments designed for minimal body contact.
How do I make upholstery fabric softer for clothing?
Washing can sometimes soften upholstery fabrics, especially those made from natural fibers like cotton or linen. However, many upholstery fabrics are not meant for machine washing and may shrink, fade, or lose their structure. Pre-washing a swatch according to its care instructions is highly recommended. For synthetics or delicate weaves, professional pressing or specific fabric softeners might offer minor improvements, but significant softening is unlikely.
Can I use a sewing machine for upholstery fabric?
Yes, you can use a sewing machine, but you’ll need the right needle and potentially a stronger machine. Use a heavy-duty or denim needle (size 16 or 18) and a longer stitch length. You might also need a walking foot or a teflon foot to help feed the thick fabric evenly. Sew slowly and test on scraps first.
Is upholstery fabric waterproof?
Most upholstery fabrics are not inherently waterproof, but many are water-resistant or treated with finishes to repel liquids and stains. This resistance is for furniture protection, not for making garments waterproof. Check the fabric’s specifications; some vinyl or heavily coated fabrics might offer a degree of water resistance.